英语从句是复合句的一个组成部分,它是由从属连词引导的,在句子中充当一个成分(如主语、宾语、表语或状语等)。以下是英语从句的主要类型及其例句:
1. 名词性从句(Noun Clause)
用作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
例句:
What he said surprised us all.(主语从句)
I don't know who is responsible for this.(宾语从句)
The problem is how to solve it.(表语从句)
The fact that he is absent is a problem.(同位语从句)
2. 状语从句(Adverbial Clause)
用作状语,表示时间、地点、原因、条件、结果、让步、比较等。
例句:
When the bell rings, we should stop talking.(时间状语从句)
If it rains, we will cancel the picnic.(条件状语从句)
Because he is tired, he went to bed early.(原因状语从句)
Although he is poor, he is happy.(让步状语从句)
3. 定语从句(Adjective Clause)
用作定语,修饰名词或代词。
例句:
The man who is standing there is my father.(关系代词who引导的定语从句)
The book which you gave me is very interesting.(关系代词which引导的定语从句)
The house in which I lived is now empty.(关系副词where引导的定语从句)
4. 分词从句(Participle Clause)
由现在分词或过去分词引导,表示进行、完成、被动等。
例句:
Seeing the movie made me cry.(现在分词表示原因)
Having finished my homework, I can relax now.(现在分词表示时间)
Being late for work is not allowed.(现在分词表示条件)
这些是从句的主要类型,每种类型都有其特定的用法和引导词。在实际应用中,从句可以灵活运用,使句子更加丰富和生动。